L-311 PFAS: Recent Legislative Actions and Energetic Formulations

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are stable molecules, with the most common one used in explosive formulations being Viton. One example of their use is in boosters, where their thermal stability translates to dimensional stability, providing reliable performance over time. These formulations are also very safe under accident conditions, improving the overall safety of stockpiles. Such formulations are considered to be key technologies for safe and insensitive munitions.

There are recognized issues with PFAS and, in response, various jurisdictions are proposing far-reaching regulations for these chemicals. For example, the EU has proposed far-reaching regulations restricting PFAS. In response, industrial associations have made specific and detailed arguments of the possible harm and regression of technology due to a ban on this class of materials. This distinction between PFAS as a material and PFAS as a chemical has not been explicit in the material reviewed for this report. In response to these arguments, a third restriction option allowing continued use is being considered by the EU. Actions and positions of other jurisdictions, such as the UK, USA, and California, are reviewed.

Formulations that contain Viton, or other PFAS molecules, are presented and described. The many implications of a ban on PFAS are discussed, one being re-qualification. Qualification itself is a lengthy and expensive process; once an explosive is qualified, it is usually used in applications with similar requirements.

It is very clear that the current use of PFAS, however defined, will be reduced by regulation with the immediate target uses being consumer goods and the local human environment.